Freight Class & PCF Calculator
Stop overpaying for LTL shipments. Calculate your exact density (PCF) and determine your estimated NMFC freight class before booking a truck.
Estimated Freight Class
Disclaimer: This calculator provides an estimated density-based Freight Class. While density is the primary factor, the official NMFC class also considers stowability, handling, and liability. Always verify with your carrier.
The 4 Pillars of Freight Class
The NMFC establishes 18 different freight classes (from Class 50 to Class 500). While Density is the most common metric, class is officially determined by four characteristics.
1. Density (PCF)
The primary factor. It represents Pounds per Cubic Foot. High density (heavy and compact) = lower class. Low density (light and bulky) = higher class.
2. Stowability
How easily can the freight be packed with other freight? Items that are awkwardly shaped, excessively long, or cannot have other pallets stacked on them may be bumped to a higher class.
3. Handling
Standard pallets are easily moved with a forklift. Freight that requires special equipment, excessive manpower, or extreme care will carry a higher freight class.
4. Liability
The risk of theft, damage to the cargo, or damage to adjacent cargo. Highly valuable items (electronics) or hazardous materials represent higher liability to the carrier, resulting in a higher class.
How To Calculate PCF Manually
- Measure the exact dimensions (Length, Width, Height) of the shipment in inches. Always include the pallet, packaging, and any overhang in the measurement.
- Calculate Total Cubic Inches:
Length × Width × Height = Total Cubes in Inches - Convert to Cubic Feet: Since there are 1,728 cubic inches in a cubic foot (12 x 12 x 12), divide the Total Cubic Inches by 1,728.
Total Cubic Inches ÷ 1728 = Cubic Feet (ft³) - Calculate PCF: Divide the total weight (in pounds, including the pallet and packaging) by the total Cubic Feet.
Weight (lbs) ÷ Cubic Feet = PCF
Frequently Asked Questions
What is NMFC?
NMFC stands for National Motor Freight Classification. It is a standardized method published by the NMFTA (National Motor Freight Traffic Association) used to provide a uniform pricing structure when shipping LTL (Less Than Truckload) freight across different carriers.
Why did my carrier change my freight class?
This is usually due to a "Re-weigh and Re-class". If a carrier measures your pallet on their warehouse scales and laser dimensions and finds the Density (PCF) is different from what was stated on the Bill of Lading (BOL), they will legally update the class and bill you the difference.
Is class 50 or class 500 cheaper to ship?
Class 50 is generally the cheapest possible rate per pound. Class 50 items are dense, heavy, and easy to safely stack on a truck (like a pallet of bricks). Class 500 is the most expensive; these items are very light but take up massive amounts of space on a truck (like a pallet of fully inflated ping-pong balls) or are exceptionally fragile or valuable.
Does this calculator guarantee my shipping class?
No. This calculator estimates your class strictly based on Density (PCF). While Density is the driving factor for most freight, the official NMFC guidelines also evaluate three other factors: Stowability, Handling, and Liability. An item that is dense but extremely fragile might be bumped to a higher class.
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