This calculator normalizes heating system operating costs by useful delivered heat demand. It uses heat pump COP and furnace AFUE to convert demand into required energy input, then applies local fuel rates and annual maintenance assumptions to compare yearly operating economics.

Planning Guidance

Start with operating-cost scenarios, then layer in equipment replacement costs and incentives. In many projects, envelope and control upgrades can reduce heating demand first, improving economics regardless of final equipment pathway.

• Use local tariff values rather than national averages
• Model conservative and optimistic COP assumptions
• Include maintenance to avoid underestimating annual cost
• Recalculate after insulation and air-sealing improvements
• Evaluate policy rebates and tax incentives separately
• Consider comfort and carbon goals alongside operating cost

Sources & References